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| The mechanism of action for attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) is not clear. It is thought to involve an increase in the
synaptic concentrations of dopamine and norepinephrine. Amphetamines block
the presynaptic reuptake and promote the release of these neurotransmitters.
Psychostimulants (amphetamines) are first-line agents for ADHD. They are safe and effective drugs for this condition. Two of the major problems associated with them are the short duration of action and the need for multiple daily doses. These problems can be lessened through the use of these new once-daily products. The most common side effects with psychostimulants include insomnia, loss of appetite, weight loss, emotional lability, and other gastrointestinal complaints. Contraindications to the use of psychostimulants
include advanced arteriosclerosis, symptomatic cardiovascular disease,
moderate to severe hypertension, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, and hypersensitivity
to the drug or any components of the product.
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